What Causes Pain and Aching in the Gums?
Healthy teeth and gums are an integral part of our overall health. However, many people may experience problems such as pain, tingling or sensitivity in their gums from time to time. Although such discomforts often seem like a simple sensitivity problem, they can be a sign of a more serious gum disease. This condition, which negatively affects our daily lives, can manifest itself while eating, consuming hot or cold beverages or brushing our teeth. So, what causes pain in the gums and what can be done to prevent this problem?
Common Causes of Pain and Tingling in the Gums
Gum pain can occur for many different reasons. Here are the most common reasons:
Gingivitis
Gingivitis, the first stage of gum disease, is usually caused by plaque accumulation. Plaque is a sticky layer formed by the combination of bacteria and food residue. If not brushed regularly, it causes inflammation in the gums. Gingivitis symptoms include:
- Red and swollen gums
- Bleeding during brushing
- Mild pain and tenderness
If not treated early, it can turn into periodontitis, which can lead to serious problems such as tooth loss.
Periodontitis (Advanced Gum Disease)
Periodontitis, the advanced stage of gum inflammation, can affect the bone tissue that supports the teeth along with the gums. In this case, the gums begin to recede from the teeth, the inflammation deepens, gum pain occurs, and eventually tooth loss may occur.
Symptoms of periodontitis include:
- Bad breath odor
- Recession and bleeding of the gums
- Loose or loose teeth
Receding Gum
Gum recession is the condition in which the gums recede over time, exposing the roots of the teeth. This condition can cause gum pain as well as aesthetic concerns. Receding gums are usually caused by various reasons such as harsh tooth brushing, improper dental care habits, teeth grinding (bruxism), genetic predisposition and gum disease. Exposure of the roots of the teeth can cause increased sensitivity to hot, cold, sweet and acidic foods and drinks. Additionally, receding gums can allow bacteria to reach the root surface of the tooth more easily, increasing the risk of tooth decay and tooth loss.
Inadequate Oral Hygiene
Not paying enough attention to oral and dental hygiene is one of the most important factors that directly affects gum health. Not brushing teeth regularly, not using dental floss or not supporting care with mouthwash causes bacterial plaque to accumulate on teeth and gums. Over time, these plaques harden and become tartar (tooth tartar) and can lead to gingivitis. If left untreated, this condition can turn into periodontitis, a more serious gum disease, and can lead to tooth loss.
Inadequate oral hygiene can negatively affect not only gum health but also overall health. Research shows that gum disease can be linked to systemic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes and respiratory infections. Therefore, brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing to remove bacteria from between your teeth and not skipping regular dental check-ups are the most important steps to having healthy gums.
Clenching and Grinding Teeth (Bruxism)
Clenching and grinding teeth can be done without being noticed, especially during sleep at night. This can put pressure on the gums and cause pain.
Vitamin and Mineral Deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency can affect the production of collagen, which keeps the gums healthy, and can cause bleeding and pain. Vitamin D deficiency can also negatively affect gum health.
Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, menopause, or the menstrual cycle can make the gums more sensitive and cause pain.
How to Get Rid of Gum Pain
Regular and proper oral care is essential to relieve gum pain and have healthy gums. Brushing your teeth at least twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush and gently massaging the gum line prevents plaque formation and protects your gums. In addition, flossing reduces the risk of inflammation by cleaning bacteria and plaque that accumulate between your teeth and prevents gum pain.
A saltwater gargle is an effective natural method for soothing gum inflammation and can be prepared by adding a teaspoon of salt to warm water. In addition, antiseptic mouthwashes support gum health by eliminating harmful bacteria in the mouth. Since smoking and alcohol consumption can irritate the gums and pave the way for disease, it is beneficial to quit these habits.
Paying attention to nutrition is also important for gum health; while consuming fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C and foods containing calcium and vitamin D should strengthen teeth, avoiding sugary and acidic foods can reduce gum sensitivity. Finally, not neglecting dental check-ups plays a critical role in preventing gum disease with early diagnosis and professional cleaning.
If gum pain persists for a long time, a dentist should definitely be consulted.
