Space Between Teeth
Gaps between teeth are a condition that can disturb people, especially in terms of aesthetics, and can also affect dental health. In medicine, this condition is called “diastema” and usually occurs in the front teeth. Diastema can occur due to different reasons and can be seen in different severities in each individual. Gaps between teeth are not generally considered a serious health problem; However, over time, it may cause aesthetic concerns, speech disorders or difficulties in chewing function.
The causes of gaps between teeth include various factors such as genetic factors, tooth sizes and tooth structure, positioning of teeth in the mouth, wrong habits (such as thumb sucking, tongue thrusting), gum problems and bone loss. While some people are not bothered by these gaps between the teeth, some may find this situation aesthetically or functionally problematic and seek treatment.
Treatment options may include orthodontic treatments, veneers, bonding and surgical interventions. Diastema treatment is based on the size of the gap, its cause and the person’s aesthetic expectations. While in some cases gaps can be closed with orthodontic braces alone, in some cases more comprehensive treatment plans may be required.
Causes of Gap Between Teeth
- Genetic Factors
One of the most common causes of gaps between teeth is genetic predisposition. If one or more family members have diastema, this condition may also occur in the person’s genetic structure. When there is a mismatch between jawbone and tooth sizes, these gaps can become more noticeable. For example, if the jawbone is large but the teeth are small, gaps may form between the teeth. - Tooth Development Disorders
While milk teeth fall out and permanent teeth replace them during childhood, some teeth may not develop in the correct position. Especially if the teeth are missing or there are problems with the jaw structure, there may be a gap between the teeth. Teeth erupting late or not aligning correctly while erupting may also be a cause of cavities.
- Gum Problems
Gum diseases can cause gaps to form between teeth. When gums are unhealthy, the bone structure around the teeth is damaged and the distance between the teeth may increase. Gingival recession can also cause teeth to shift, resulting in cavities. - Bad Habits
Habits such as thumb sucking, pencil biting, or tongue thrusting can also cause gaps between teeth. Long-term thumb sucking habits, especially at young ages, can affect the natural development of teeth and cause gaps between the front teeth. Such behavior can prevent the jaw and teeth from developing into the correct position. - Tongue Thrust
Tongue thrust is a problem that occurs when the tongue constantly puts pressure on the teeth. This may cause the teeth to be pushed back over time or create gaps between them. Tongue thrusting habit is a common problem, especially in young children, and if left untreated, it can negatively affect the tooth structure.
Harms of the Gap Between Teeth
While gaps between teeth may only cause aesthetic concerns in some cases, they can also affect oral health in some cases. Here are some consequences of these gaps:
- Aesthetic Problems
Gaps between teeth may cause aesthetic concerns in individuals. If the smile is not symmetrical and there are gaps between the teeth, it may cause loss of self-confidence for some people. This situation becomes more evident especially if there is a gap in the front teeth. - Speech Problems
The position of the teeth ensures that words are pronounced correctly during speech. Gaps between teeth may cause some sounds to not be produced properly. Especially sounds such as “s” and “z” may be pronounced incorrectly due to the spaces between the teeth. This may cause speech disorders in the individual. - Food Jam
Gaps between teeth can cause food to get stuck in these areas. Over time, this can lead to tooth decay, gum disease and bad breath. Food accumulated between the teeth threatens oral health and can cause teeth to decay faster if regular cleaning is not done. - Jaw Problems
Gaps between teeth can affect jaw closure and impair chewing functions. Failure of the teeth to fully contact each other may cause excessive load on the jaw muscles and joints during chewing. This condition may cause jaw joint problems in the long run.
How to Treat the Gap Between Teeth
If the gaps between the teeth cause aesthetic concerns or functional problems, this can be corrected with various treatment methods. Orthodontic treatment (braces) is one of the most effective methods of closing the gaps between the teeth, and the teeth are slowly guided into the correct position using braces or transparent plates. Bonding (covering with filling) is another common method; By applying a thin composite material to the teeth, the shape of the teeth is changed and the gaps are closed.
In addition, one of the effective ways to close the gaps between the teeth is to obtain a natural and aesthetic appearance with porcelain veneers and laminates glued to the front surface of the teeth. If the gap is caused by missing teeth, these gaps can be filled using dental implants or bridges. Dental implants function as permanent structures that replace missing teeth, while bridges bridge the gap by attaching to adjacent teeth.
Finally, if gum problems cause gaps between teeth, this can be corrected with gum treatment; After gum recession or disease is treated, teeth can tighten again and gaps can decrease.
Gaps between teeth can cause aesthetic and functional problems, as well as negatively affect oral health. However, today, thanks to advanced treatment methods, the gaps between the teeth can be easily closed and individuals can have a healthier and more aesthetic smile. If you notice gaps in your teeth, you can consult a dentist to evaluate the treatment options suitable for you.
